Thursday, September 3, 2020

Motivation Techniques in Workforce Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

Inspiration Techniques in Workforce - Case Study Example Large Ray’s organization should have great human asset strategies (Bernanke 23). It gives reasonable treatment to all workers and has a no-cutback strategy. It is suggested that the human asset chiefs be propelling their workers to be increasingly profitable by offering motivations. The motivating forces incorporate a clinical spread, blessings and so on.  There is a requirement for Big Ray’s organization to advance a camaraderie where everybody in the association is made to accept that they â€Å"are in this thing together† (Bernanke 25). This will apply to all directors and representatives. Extraordinary things will be accomplished when individuals cooperate.  Communication issues should be settled so as to upgrade unwaveringness. Absence of correspondence is deciphered by representatives as not mindful. Open and continuous correspondence with representatives at Big Ray’s organization will construct trust and lessens dread. Correspondence is significant in light of the fact that workers will air their complaints and make recommendations. This is significant at the Big Ray’s organization on account of the idea of the activity. This ought to be kept up on the grounds that it helps the assurance of laborers.  Motivation is significant in any work since it expands work execution (Bernanke 27). Representatives who are inspired to work by being given rewards increment their yield than their partners who are not given rewards, budgetary motivating forces and so forth.  Employees function admirably in a domain that is liberated from an excessive amount of clamor and wellbeing dangers. For instance, the region where the materials at Big Ray’s organization is taken care of, cut and prepared is boisterous and risky. This should be decreased so as to contend with their rivals who offer great working conditions to their representatives.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Lau Tzu Essay Example For Students

Lau Tzu Essay At the point when we fill the container, the emptying that fills it streams into the vacant container. The vacancy, the void, is the thing that does the vessels holding. The unfilled space, this nothing of the container, is the thing that the container is as the holding vessel. . . . Through and through the potter grabs hold of the imperceptible void and delivers it as the compartment looking like the containing vessel. These twenty six ewers by Peter Beasecker are a continued reflection and request inside the mode of their facture on the type of the ewer. This likewise is a contemplation and a request on the type of the ewer, in another medium. The persuasive resistances connected by contemporary dirt workscraft and craftsmanship conventions, utilitarian and tasteful articles, dynamic utilize and thoughtful respect, vessel and model, surface and structure, enrichment and profundity, idea and processramify in both the mechanism of their facture and the mode of this talk. In both work in earth and in verbose commitment of those works, these terms profoundly ensnare their contrary energies. Structure is an issue not just of shape, yet of the structure of the ewer in that capacity, the important states of ewer-ness, a specific instance of the vessel-structure. The vessel-structure, as Heidegger notes, can be as quotidian as a container for holding something: The container is a thing as a vesselit can hold something. Undoubtedly, this holder must be made. Yet, its being made by the potter not the slightest bit establishes what is curious and appropriate to the container to the extent that it is qua container. The container isn't a vessel since it was made; rather, the container must be made in light of the fact that it is this holding vessel. 3 The container is, and is subsequently a thing. The holdingness of the container is its whatness, establishing the container as a vessel. The particularities of its vesselness establish the vessel as an ewer, and without a doubt as this ewer, with these qualities. Comparing a few things together is to welcome their correlation. Beaseckers ewers showed on racks show their similitudes and contrasts, evoking examination. Every one of these ewers is a token inside the sort ewer. The sort is the all inclusive, the class of things; the token is the specific case, an individual from the class. 4 Members of the class ewer regardless, every one of these works is a person, as it were practically equivalent to the use of the term to people. The indiviudality of these pieces stretches out past the status of all works of art as semi subjects:5 it is showed by the intonations of structure, inspiring reverberation with the motion of the body. Varieties inside a sort, these works are likewise varieties from the sort ewer and minor departure from the sort vessel. Thus, this paper is of need an activity in deciphering the variorum. 6 Theâ traditional type ewer is a wide-mouthed pitcher or container, regularly with a thin neck, pretty much bulbous body tightening and afterward growing intto a generally wide flairing foot. As the deduction of ewer from aquaria recommends, the ewer is customarily a vessel for bring and pouring water for hand washing. 7 The general type of the ewer is like the traditional Greek oinochoe, wine container. Beaseckers understandings of the ewer-structure keep up the neck of the ewer, which in Beaseckers pieces expect the capacity of a missing handle. Beaseckers pieces trade the wide mouth, reached out into a lip for pouring, of the customary ewer-type for a flimsy, constricted spout, rising not as a change of the mouth opening from a neck yet rather broadening legitimately from the body of the vessel. Liberated of the need of pouring, the mouth can expect any of a few shapes, appropriate for filling the vessel; comparative with the spout, the mouth is proportionately enormous. The aftereffect of this seperation and concomittant specialization of capacity is a vessel snappier to fill than to purge. This potential for relative simplicity of filling in contrast with gradualness of spilling out accentuates the capacity of the vessel as compartment, holder of fluid. To get, to hold, and to spill out gradually is to focus consideration on these capacities. That which plays out these few capacities is a thing, a sort of thing named vessel. Be that as it may, any number of varieties, of shape, of surface, may be given to things inside this sort. These varieties are the enunciations of nuanced articulations of structure and accordingly of the particularities of structure and substance inside the sort. These explanations are the statement of the way the specific ewer-thing stands forward. .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .postImageUrl , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:hover , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:visited , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:active { border:0!important; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:active , .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uc721e1f62ea8de 959da8b9e85007aded .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uc721e1f62ea8de959da8b9e85007aded:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Atomic Bomb EssayThe type of the specific ewer-thing is its position, its signal, its method of being on the planet. This gestural part of the ewer-things disposition of structure is given in its distal, visual angle. Concerning ewer distally, outwardly, is to connect with its sculptural qualitites. In any case, it is likewise given in material recognition, and through this proximal worry conditions the deliver the treatment of the ewer-thing in its utilization, stressing the utilitatian vesselness of the ewer. Together, these methods of appprehension of the thing in the distinction of its thingness in this manner conditions the motion of its utilization. This molding of the clients substantial signal in the utilization of the thing is a nuancing of position, of the clients method of being on the planet. Taking care of the nuancing of position and signal in filling and holding and pouring from a vessel is a reflexive taking care of ones method of being on the planet. Going to is a being-available, and in taking care of ones attitude in being on the planet, one is the clearing wherein being has nearness to being. Focusing dirt on the haggle oneself are profoundly related, as Mary C. Richards proposes. 8 So likewise is the insightful utilizing of an ewer.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Drama and audience Essay

Reverend Hale’s job in the play is to initially fix of discover the disease of Betty. In any case, rather he is portrayed as â€Å"stiring the black magic cauldron that is blending in Salem Village†. Arthur Miller utilizes words and expressions, for example, narrowing his eyes, holding up his hands, astounded, rapidly, getting a handle on, rising elation, compassionate ect. This depicts Reverend Hale’s character well, as he is a do-gooder inside the town. Mill operator accentuates his significance, by making his character boisterous, expressive yet great hearted. He ensures the crowd knows about Hale’s significance, by making him a figure to admire, somebody that individuals can see God in, and by causing individuals to admit to him he is demonstrating the force he has. Parris’s status inside the network ought to be a guide to other people, however is gradually shriveling as the allegations of black magic inside his town and family drag him down. The ranchers Proctor, Putnam and Giles, are all underneath Parris in the public eye. They are the fundamental male characters in the play and in light of the fact that Parris is higher up in the public eye, he remains the loneliest out of the four; this is noteworthy as he most likely is aware he can't adapt to all the worry as a solitary parent and watchman, and a reverend Salem depends on. As recently composed, Hale was admitted to by Tituba. She admitted to seeing Satin towards the finish of Act 1. Her admission was emotional and Miller underscored this well by utilizing language, for example, sobs, wailing in dread, tumbles to her knees, alarmed, out of nowhere blasting out, in an anger ect. Affected by the absolution given to Tituba, this is huge as she is setting a model and offering thoughts to the young ladies. Abigail duplicates getting out allegations, as expected and for instance she yells; â€Å"I saw Sarah Good with the villain! † ect. Terrified and confounded young ladies followed in Abigail’s activities and started getting out allegations also. The young ladies before long figure that lying, imagining and denouncing others, will take the spotlight from them and they will before long be viewed as casualties and observers of Satin. Taking everything into account, Arthur Miller’s stage bearings in the play, The Crucible, make show and educate the crowd about the nature regarding the general public in Salem. He utilizes them successfully to make moment energy and impact just as characterizing the characters in detail. The characters are anyway Millers own creation and through his heading they add show to the story. The language utilized in the play features the absence of correspondence in its straightforwardness and separations itself from the twenty first century. The individuals in Salem lived exclusively by their religion and couldn't acknowledge whatever may resist their convictions. It additionally indicated the falsehoods and double dealing that individuals made to ensure their own name and remaining in the public eye. Arthur Miller has figured out how to skilfully recount to the story as indicated by notable realities while including his own depiction of characters to draw in crowds today.

Friday, June 12, 2020

How Islamic Veil Is Seen As Sign of Oppression in Western Eyes - 3025 Words

How Islamic Veil Is Seen As Sign of Oppression in Western Eyes (Research Paper Sample) Content: Students NameInstructors NameCourseDateHow Islamic Veil Is Seen As Sign of Oppression in Western EyesIntroductionIn the modern world, different societies have different cultures, values, behaviors, and principles that they inclined to. In such context, religion plays an important role in identifying a particular societys culture and behaviors. As the majority population of the world is transiting towards modernized type of culture characterized by uniformity in the taste and preferences of the people, a bigger portion of the Muslim world is still attached to its traditional ways of life that is mostly dictated by their religious ideologies and views. Notably, as the Muslim community observes their style, there are some forms of criticism emanating from the western world pertaining to Muslim's ways of life. One major stereotype concerns the veiled woman. As the Muslims associate the veil with various traditions both sociocultural and religious, the Western world views it as a dissolute representation of the Muslim women. In the eyes of the Westerners, the veil is not simply a piece of cloth rapped over the head. It is a symbol of oppression preventing the Muslim women from embracing modernity and experiencing what the modern world has to offer. Although some would tend to agree to such sentiments, most of the Muslims, including the women, view the veil differently. To them, the piece of cloth is a symbol of empowerment to the women. Among the Muslim women, the veil is not only a convenient clothing, but also represents the freedom they enjoy in the modern world. In understanding the essence of the veil, it is necessary to employ a transnational approach to analyze how the Westerners and the Muslim societies exhibit different cultural intuitions pertaining to the piece of cloth. This helps to bring out the misconceptions associated with the veil where the Muslims views it as a symbol of cultural affirmation and a sign of women empowerment, while t he Westerners find it to be a symbol of oppression that portrays the lesser-being of the Muslim women. The use of interdisciplinary, intersectional, and transnational approaches is further helpful in highlighting on the politics of gender, race, and nation, elaborating on how different countries have worked towards accepting the veil, working pastthe misconceptions associated with it. Veil in Muslim Societies History of the VeilVarious Muslim cultures such as the seclusion of women and veiling have their history trailing back centuries of years ago. The Islamic community is believed to have borrowed the culture of putting on the veil from some non-Arabic Mediterranean and Middle Eastern societies back in the thirteenth century. Initially, veiling was restricted to respectable women in the society and so some women such as prostitutes were legally forbidden from practicing it. Only the elite women could wear the veil as this represented a sign of status in the society. During the t ime, veiling was common among the pre-Islamic Iranian, Roman, and Byzantine empires (Hoodfar 3). Despite being borrowed from the conquered people, the veil is recognized by both Islamic and non-Islamic communities as an Islamic phenomenon. The practice is further recognized and presumably endorsed by the Islamic holy book, the Quran, though there is nowhere in the book where veiling is recommended. However, some people use some interpretation of certain verses in the Quran to affirm that the religion recommends that women put on the veil. For instance, Surah al - Nur, verses 30 31 recommends that women should cover their jewellery and bosoms (Hoodfar 3). There is also another part that states that women should wrap their cloaks around their bodies to avoid being molested in public for having dressed provocatively. However, it was until the 1500s-1700s when the veil materialized as a widespread symbol of status among the Muslim elite and the urban elite in the region of the modern N orth Africa and the Middle East (Hoodfar 5). Considerably, veiling was promoted in the nineteenth century by the colonial as an important symbol of the Muslims, which has since then, been referenced as their cultural practice. Reasons for veilingSince its inception, the veil has been worn for different reasons among the Muslim societies. Although the majority of those that practice the culture would seem to incline to a common reason linked to religion, different people have their individual or communal reasons for practicing the culture. As much as the veil worn by women all over the world would have physical similarities, there are varieties of meanings attached to the practice and this depends on the ideological and cultural context of the particular people.The Veil as a Symbol of Cultural AffirmationIn most societies, majority groups define a normal social practice in the domains of language used, religion, dress, and other elements pertaining to the public life. Among the Musli m women, the veil represents their strong unity that they share the same culture and experiences in life. Among the majority of the Muslim women, veiling is a way of life that portrays their obedient and respect to their Islamic culture where women are supposed to dress appropriately as dictated by the religious beliefs (Jeffreys 38). Veiling represents the expectations of the wider Islamic society. It gives the women their Muslim identity, which is intertwined with different local customs and beliefs among the Muslim societies. For many years, veiling has had the connection with the religious ideologies among the Muslim women and this is still considered a substantial reason for the practice even today. Veiling women are somehow considered religion abiding, something which is emphasized among Islamic societies. Muslim women are ideologically indoctrinated to embrace veiling as a way to avoid seducing men, which is believed to be the wish of Allah (Jeffreys 39). In some countries su ch as those in the Middle East and some part of the Northern Africa, failure to practice veiling among the women would be viewed as a rebellious act against the Muslim religion in support of the Westerners ideologies most of which are against the Islamic cultural beliefs. A woman would therefore, put on the veil as a sign of her respect to the Islamic culture and the religion itself. This is not only observed in the Muslim countries, but it is also common in other western countries such as the U.S and some European countries.In the modern world, the Muslim identify has interlinked with other different local customs and beliefs and this has expound the way people, particularly the women view the essence of the veil. The idea that the modern world is highly receptive to fashion and various trends in dressing has really influenced the perception among the Muslim women concerning the veil. In some regions of the world such as Indonesia, the veil has found its way into local fashions in dressing code (Wagner et al. 524). Some young Indonesian women practice veiling as a way of adapting to their localized fashionable dressing code. The fashion industry in the country has successfully marketed the veil as a product that unite the cultural-religious obligation of covering the body and the desire among the women to be seen as objects of beauty. The fashion industry in the country presents the veils as colorful, which is considered trendy among the youth besides its association with the up-market life style. Such opinions about the veil is shared among the majority of the Indian young women who practice veiling without a religious meaning, but purely for cultural affirmation that they also embrace the modern and trendy dress codes (Wagner et al. 528). To them, veiling is just as the wearing of makeup among the women in the west. They also consider beauty as an integral part of a womans life and that is why they put on veils to enhance their beauty.Veiling as a Source of Women Empowerment For many years, women have seek different ways through which they can empower themselves to enjoy the freedom men have had throughout the history. Women from different regions in the world have adopted different strategies to help champion for their freedom of association and freedom of movement among others. In the male dominated world, the Muslims women have lived to lack the privileges enjoyed by their male counterparts many of them being concerned of going to public places bareheaded and barefaced (Jeffreys 38). By adopting the veil, the Muslim women were enabled to access the areas where they could not do initially, without the fear of being rebuked for having dressed badly. Such places include public transport as they go for work or studies and other public places such as the mosque and shopping centers. This can be viewed as the situation in the U.S, in the 1920s, when the women were entering the public world of workplaces and offices when beauty products b ecame the in-thing for enhancing their courage and self-esteem to venture in male-dominated areas without any fear concerning their physical appearances. According to feminist commentators, the adoption of the veil among Muslim women in the twentieth century gave them a feel of safety that made them free to undertake occupations in the public world, which were previously restricted for the men (Moghissi 147). A woman with a veil would not be exposed to the risks of being harassed by men. The veil gave the Muslim women the power to fight against any sexual harassment, in case of an attack, because a veiled woman could not be blamed for having incited such an abusive behavior. Through the adoption of the veil, the Muslim women are alleviated from such harmful behaviors instigated by the male dominance in their societies. Although people from Western countries could claim that the choice for the veil arose from t...

Sunday, May 17, 2020

What Is A Voyeur Essay - 1583 Words

What is a Voyeur? It’s a person who gets pleasure from secretly watching others in private moments. In The Living Room, the narrator’s voyeurism of her neighbors is wrong and she continually dismisses her intrusive violations of privacy of the couple. She expresses guilt that is due to her lack of non-consent from the couple and clearly violates their privacy. The person/s being viewed are intruded upon and are most often damaged by being watched. Throughout mankind we have been curious of the unknown and get pleasure from watching others and we have acknowledged this behavior and the acceptance of it as normal. The heavy appeal of social media and reality shows are now providing us with the ability to compare ourselves with other people in private or intimate situations that either we wish we could be in or happy we are not. This bad behavior is unacceptable, but where do the lines of privacy begin or end. Ever caught yourself watching someone or people watching at th e mall? Of course you have. We are all a little voyeuristic, in the sense that we like to watch people’s private lives and revealing moments, all the things that we can’t normally see when the curtains are left open. When we think of a voyeur, we dance around the image of a Peeping Tom, a pervert lurking at a window watching a female undress. Voyeurism is originally derived as a psychiatric term meaning, â€Å"The practice of obtaining sexual gratification by looking at sexual objects or acts, especiallyShow MoreRelatedThe Truman Show vs Rear Window Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the issues of watching and voyeurism in film? The intention of this essay is to discuss both films (The Truman Show, 1998 and Rear Window, 1954) alongside established theoretical criticism (Laura Mulvey and Norman K. Denzin) in an attempt to demonstrate how the issues of watching and voyeurism, as seen in todays mainstream Hollywood cinema, both engages and entices the spectator and to look at how the definition of the voyeur has changed. Before entering into a discussion about voyeurismRead More Literary Criticism of Swift’s Poetry Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesthe act should offend readers more than the content: What is seen [in Swift] - a pathetic streetwalker disrobing, a disordered dressing room and lavatory - is not truly extraordinary; the appropriation of private experience and the poetic vindication of it are more so. (18) The fact that Swift looks at (and writes about) the private life constitutes a betrayal that should make the reader uneasy. 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I will begin by telling you about the case. Case: this man enjoys watching women being brutally raped; he is locked in a room. He cannot exit the room, there is a window in the room and a curtain covers it. Behind the curtainRead MoreAnalysis Of Alfred Hitchcock s Rear Window940 Words   |  4 PagesBy the middle of the movie Jefferies becomes so addicted to being a voyeur that he feels the need to be closer. He therefore achieves this need by using his camera lens and telescope to look closer into the other rooms. When this addiction of Jefferies first starts off, both Stella, his nurse, and Lisa, his girlfriend, did not approve. 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The hint to the speaker’sRead MoreEssay about Seamus Heaney – The Skunk Commentary657 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"visitor†, which in the context of this poem, may mean secret lover. â€Å"I expected her like a visitor† is a smooth transition to the second stanza, where he recalls a particular memory of the skunk’s night time visits. â€Å"I began to be tense as a voyeur† describes Heaney’s feeling of waiting for the skunk to make its nightly visit. This line foreshadows the last stanza, connecting the garden scene to the later bedroom scene with his wife, where he describes how he watched his wife undressingRead MoreMovie Analysis : Rear Window1054 Words   |  5 Pagesrest of the film he will watch out his window. Through this film, observing this evolution of the characters through the lens of this beautifully shot film made by the sets and background characters. Without sets, this film would not be precisely what it is. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Miscommunication in BPs Messages Regarding Its Handling...

Miscommunication in BPs Messages Regarding its Handling of the Deep Horizon Oil Spill Overview Late summer of 2010 saw one of the biggest environmental disasters in American history. In a region already plagued by the affects of Hurricane Katrina, a massive oil leak exploded just off the coast of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. For three months, oil gushed out of the broken well and flooded delicate swamplands with crude oil. The owner of the well, BP tried to take action and effectively communicate their solution strategies to both the public and to government, but ultimately failed tremendously based on massive miscommunication of how their efforts were actually faring in the region. Organizational Message The overall message that was trying to be communicated by BP was that they were working as hard as they could to contain the massive leak. BP wanted to ensure public confidence that the spill was being addressed in the timeliest and safest manner. However, this message was clouded with a series of major miscommunications that only seemed to make the situation worse. There was actually very little communication BP provided to the public, with miscommunications that ran rampant without an honest and tailored organizational message to handle the massive public outcry of the disaster. According to reports from the time, there have been repeated instances in which BP has tried to limit or delay the flow of information to the public on what is clearly now theShow MoreRelatedHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 Pagesenergy-producin ity of countries rely on g nations that won the geological lottery, ble ssing them with abunda nt hydrocarbons. And yet , eve of raw resources import n regions with plenty some form of energy. Saudi Arabia, for examp le, the world’s largest oil exporter, imports ref ined petroleum produc ts like gasoline. So if energy independence is an unrealistic goal, how does everyone get the fuel a world of rising demand they need, especially in , supply disruptions, nat ural disasters, and unstable regime s

Theory of Geopolitics Classics of Strategy and Diplomacy

Question: Describe about the Essay for the theory of Geopolitics. Answer: The essay focuses on the theory of Geopolitics, which refers to the influence of geographical elements upon politics. It is a study of power relationships between politics and geography. Additionally it is related with the foreign policy of a nation. The territorial waters and land territory are the main component of this theory. It is mainly concerned with the geographical factors such as, population, natural resource endowments, and strategic location. Many scholars have presented the classical theory of Geopolitics. They have emphasised the relationship between territory and power. However, the theorists like Mackinder, Mahan, and Haushofer were more interested in the specific special factors[1]. Compare and contrast the theories of Mackinder and Mahan. Which of the two sources of national power and prosperity proposed by these authors is the most important in the modern era? According to various scholars and policymakers, the geographical factors have recognised, which are important to make strategic decisions and determine the security and the survival of countries[2]. The most important theorists in this context are Alfred Thayer Mahan and H.J. Mackinder[3]. However, their views differ from each other as they recognized two different components as the sources of power and prosperity for the state. Mahan has identified the sea power as the most influencing national power towards success while Mackinder has emphasized the heartland as the main source of power and prosperity[4]. Mahan has presented his idea in his book The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-178, where he stated his beliefs about the sea power. According to him, the sea power is the main source of national power and prosperity upon which the future of the country is depending. The countries that controlled the sea and sea-lanes are bound to be most successful and prosperous. He also pointed out that the countries, which can exert over the worlds oceans, are likely to be the most successful in commerce as well as continental power[5]. Being a US Naval Officer Mahan has easily analyzed the conditions to achieve the maritime superiority. He has recognized six primary conditions such as, physical conformation, geographical position, number of population, extent of territory, national character and policy of governments. On the other hand, Mackinder has focused on the heartland and its control as the primary source to analyze the national power of a country. He presented his idea in the art icle The Geographical Pivot of History which was initially received a very less attention from the policy makers but later accepted by most of the scholars. The doctrine of Geopolitics of Mackinder is completely opposed the theory of Mahans[6]. Mahan has emphasized on the navies or sea power, which was applicable in the political situation of 19th century. Mahan explained the achievements of Great Britain with his theory of geopolitics. It was proved right in that time when he recognized the emergence of United States as the predominant power of the world after Britain. On the other hand, the 20th century was dominated by the power of land. Mackinder stated that the geography of earth is divided into two parts: one is the World island of Core consists of Eurasia and Africa, and the other one is the Peripheral Islands consisting of America, Japan, Australia, the British Isles and Oceania[7]. The country that can rule the Heartland is likely to be most powerful state in the world. How ever, in the modern era both the sea power and land power has become the less important source to judge the national power, the air power and space has replaced those. In what way(s), if at all, has the advent of Space and Air power changed geopolitical theory and practice? Has the advent of air and space power made land and sea power obsolete, or is it merely a complementary source of national power? In 19th century, the power is determined by the sea and then it transferred to the land in next century. The geopolitical theories stated by Mahan and Mackinder has obsolete when the new power of air and space was introduced. According to General Giulio Douhet, the air power was become the most important national power during the time of World War I, when the opponent countries have used the air power to defeat each other[8]. He also stated that the countries having strong air power could bring their enemies to their knees. The elements that will be required for this are bombing infrastructure, workforces and factories, and centres of populations[9]. Additionally, it has the power of shortening and protecting the lines of communication and along with that, the power of British imperial can be extended at low investment. It was proved in the World War II, when both the countries America and Britain has acquired the bombing strategy to defeat the opponent. As per this vision, the countries were using the air power for establish their own power against its opponent. However, Robert Paper argued it in his book Bombing to Win that the strategic airpower itself cannot become the only way to get success. In the Gulf War, it was seen very clearly that how much impact air power could have on the battlefield[10]. As it is armed with various advanced detection technologies and sensors, then it can easily express the power. In the war, US and its allies have gained the victory with this air power strategy against Iraqi ground forces. This power has become the only source of national power and prosperity nowadays instead of the sea and land power. Another power that was emerged in the contemporary time was space-based capabilities. The Geopolitical theory was changed after the advent of air power, which got a new dimension with the use of GPS systems. According to the previous researches, it was stated that the GPS system has made the power more accurate and the countries that were using this was exploiting their enemies easily[11]. Therefore, though the power of air and space has emerged as the main source of national prosperity in the modern era, some critics are still arguing over the fact. As per their opinion, the power that is helping to reduce the geographical constraints also encourages to develop the decisive weapons for establishing the power. The purpose of the study was to analyse the changing practice of Geopolitical theory with the time. Various scholars have presented different sources as the vital power for national prosperity. In the first question, the doctrines of Mahan and Mackinder were explained to analyse the importance of sea power and heartland in the context of modern era. These were the most important sources of national power in the 19th and 20th century but in modern era, it is replaced by the power of air and space. Additionally, the second part of the study has discussed the changing practice of Geopolitical theory after the advent of air and space power. Reference List Agnew, John. "The new global economy: time-space compression, geopolitics, and global uneven development."journal of world-systems research7, no. 2 (2015): 133-154. Agnew, John. "Understandings of the changing nature of space and the future of global governance." InGeography Research Forum, vol. 20, pp. 1-13. 2016. Fettweis, Christopher J. 2000. "Sir Halford MacKinder, Geopolitics and Policymaking in the 21st Century." Parameters, 30.2: 58-71. Klauser, F., and S. Pedrozo. "Power and space in the drone age: a literature review and politico-geographical research agenda."Geogr. Helv70 (2015): 285-293. Mackinder, H.J. 1904. The Geographical Pivot of History. The Geographical Journal 23, no. 4: 421-437. Pelizza, Simone. "The Geopolitics of International Reconstruction: Halford Mackinder and Eastern Europe, 191920."The International History Review38, no. 1 (2016): 174-195. Rech, Matthew F. "A critical geopolitics of observant practice at British military airshows."Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers40, no. 4 (2015): 536-548. Singh, Pankaj. "Conceptual understanding of geopolitics with special reference to Indian Ocean."IJAR1, no. 6 (2015): 282-284. [1] Singh, Pankaj. "Conceptual understanding of geopolitics with special reference to Indian Ocean."IJAR1, no. 6 (2015): 282-284. [2] Pelizza, Simone. "The Geopolitics of International Reconstruction: Halford Mackinder and Eastern Europe, 191920."The International History Review38, no. 1 (2016): 174-195. [3] Mackinder, H.J. 1904. The Geographical Pivot of History. The Geographical Journal 23, no. 4: 421-437. [4] Singh, Pankaj. "Conceptual understanding of geopolitics with special reference to Indian Ocean."IJAR1, no. 6 (2015): 282-284. [5] Pelizza, Simone. "The Geopolitics of International Reconstruction: Halford Mackinder and Eastern Europe, 191920."The International History Review38, no. 1 (2016): 174-195. [6] Mackinder, H.J. 1904. The Geographical Pivot of History. The Geographical Journal 23, no. 4: 421-437. [7] Fettweis, Christopher J. 2000. "Sir Halford MacKinder, Geopolitics and Policymaking in the 21st Century." Parameters, 30.2: 58-71. [8] Rech, Matthew F. "A critical geopolitics of observant practice at British military airshows."Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers40, no. 4 (2015): 536-548. [9] Agnew, John. "Understandings of the changing nature of space and the future of global governance." InGeography Research Forum, vol. 20, pp. 1-13. 2016. [10] Klauser, F., and S. Pedrozo. "Power and space in the drone age: a literature review and politico-geographical research agenda."Geogr. Helv70 (2015): 285-293. [11] Agnew, John. "The new global economy: time-space compression, geopolitics, and global uneven development."journal of world-systems research7, no. 2 (2015): 133-154.